Setting the pressure in a water pressure tank is very important before installing the tank. The tank pressure must be lower than the switch pressure. This has to be done manually before installing the tank.

Setting Pressure in a Pressure Tank
Step 1
Shut off the breaker and unplug the tank from the wall. Shut off the gas if it is a gas tank. Locate the pressure switch, which is next to the pressure gauge. Remove the cover with a Phillips screwdriver. There are two screws located on each side.

Step 2
Locate the pressure switch limits, which are located inside the pressure switch cover. Pressure switch limits are different on different types of pressure tanks, such as 20 to 40 lbs.psi, 30 to 50 lbs. psi, and 40 to 60 lbs psi. The lower number is the turn-on point for the tank to bring in more water, and the higher number shuts the pump off. If you cannot locate the sticker that says the cut-off limits, then you will have to lower the pressure.

Step 3
Use the bicycle pressure gauge and put it on the air release valve. This will let some air out, and it will also tell the pressure in the tank. All new tanks come with a certain level of pressure already in the tank. The small and medium tanks have 28 lbs. psi, and larger ones have 38 lbs. psi. Lower this pressure by allowing the gauge to release air from the tank.

Step 4
Lower the air pressure to 26 to 28, since most above-ground tanks have a pressure switch that operates at a turn-on point of 30 lbs. psi and a turn-off point of 50 lbs. psi.

Step 5
Plug the tank in and turn on the breaker. Replace the cover for the pressure switch.

Step 6
If the tank does not kick on at 30 lbs. psi, then you will need to get a air pressure tank. Unplug the tank and turn off the breaker. Place the nozzle on the nozzle that you put the bicycle gauge on. Fill the tank up to 36 lbs. psi. Plug the tank back in, and turn on the breaker.

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Your above-ground well water pump has a blue bladder tank that the pump fills with water to build water pressure inside the home. The tank is usually in the vicinity of the water pump. The bladder tank pressure tells the pressure switch when to turn on and off. Occasionally, you'll need to adjust the bladder's air pressure. The best way to check the bladder tank air pressure is with a digital air pressure gauge. Digital gauges are more accurate than standard stick gauges. Adjusting the bladder tank air pressure requires an empty bladder tank. Most air pressure adjustments take only a few minutes.

Step 1
Turn off the water pump by either unplugging the power cord from the wall outlet or turning off the circuit breaker. Turn off the circuit breaker to the hot water heater.

Step 2
Open a cold water faucet that is closest to the bladder tank and allow the bladder tank to empty. Continue running the water until the water stops flowing from the faucet. Turn off the water faucet.

Step 3
Remove the cap from the air valve stem on top of the bladder tank. Check the air pressure with a digital pressure gauge or a digital tire pressure gauge. The air pressure should be 2 psi below cut-on pressure on your pressure valve. For example, if your cut-on pressure is 30 psi, the bladder tank pressure should be 28 psi.

Step 4
Decrease the air pressure by depressing the stem in the center of the valve with the tip of a flat-head screwdriver. Release air pressure in small increments and recheck with the air pressure gauge.

Step 5
Increase the air pressure by adding air into the valve stem with an air compressor or foot pump. The valve stem operates the same way a bike or car tire stem operates. Add the air in small increments and recheck with the pressure gauge.

Step 6
Twist the valve cap back onto the valve stem. Plug the water pump power cord back into the outlet or turn on the circuit breaker. Turn the circuit breaker back on to the water heater.

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Pressurized water tanks are used to store water and regulate water pressure in homes that rely on pumping water from wells. They contain a bladder that alternately fills when the well runs and empties when water is used, which triggers the well to fill it again. The tanks are pressurized with air. As the water bladder drains, pressure falls to the point at which the pump is set to turn on. As the bladder refills, pressure increases to the cut-off point and the pump turns off. Similar water tanks are sometimes used in large buildings to regulate municipal water pressure inside the building.

Step 1
Purchase a water gauge equipped with a fitting so that it can be attached to a faucet or hose. You can get water gauges of this type at building supply stores for around $10.

Step 2
Turn off all faucets and other water outlets after you have allowed water to run until the pump turns on.

Step 3
Attach the water gauge to any faucet. Turn the water on at this outlet only, so the gauge can register the pressure. This will tell you the maximum water pressure at the faucets.

Step 4
Turn off the pump and open a faucet so that the water tank drains completely in order to check the air pressure in the water tank.

Step 5
Remove the valve cap from the tank air valve and use a dial type or digital tire gauge to check the air pressure in the tank, just as you would a tire's pressure. The air pressure is set by the tank manufacturer but may need adjusting from time to time.

Step 6
Follow tank manufacturer's specifications for adjusting the air pressure, if necessary.

Step 7
Replace the valve cap and turn the pump back on when you are finished.

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Many wells create issues regarding low pressure in your faucets and fixtures, where the water comes out in a trickle and simply lacks the pressure to do its job. This can wreak havoc with showers, dishwashers and other components of your plumbing, and sadly, it’s quite common if you get our water from a private source.

For these issues, we strongly recommend the installation of a pressure tank in your system. Pressure tanks address a number of specific issues in an efficient and expedient manner:

• It prevents wear and tear on your well pump, helping it last longer and reducing the threat of a breakdown.
• It regulates pressure in your pipes, ensuring not only that it’s high enough to provide adequate water levels for showers, dishwashers, and the like, but that it’s not too high (which can result in bursts and leaks if you’re not careful).

Pressure tanks require a professional plumber to install and maintain. Indeed, it pays to consult a plumber as early as possible when considering a pressure tank, since it will need to be properly sized and installed in a manner that suits your particular system.

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